Improving cattle productivity in the Sahelian zone: Analysis of feeding and health management practices.
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Abstract
Cattle farming constitutes a fundamental pillar of production systems in the Sahelian environment. However, its productivity remains limited by suboptimal feeding and health practices. This work, based on an in-depth literature review, aims to analyze the impact of these practices on the performance of cattle herds in a tropical context marked by aridity, climate variability, and socio-economic constraints. The study highlights the predominance of extensive grazing, partial use of crop residues, and limited veterinary coverage. The results show that a combined strategy of nutritional supplementation and preventive health care can double productivity in terms of live weight at 12 months. Tailored recommendations are proposed, including the promotion of drought-resistant fodder, the training of livestock farmers, the creation of fodder banks, and the use of community para-veterinarians. This study contributes to informing decisions on sustainable livestock policy and food security in Sahelian areas.
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